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Pulse shortening of passively Q-switched microchip lasers

Reinhold Lehneis (Taschenbuch, Englisch)

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Beschreibung
The world-famous picture sequence The Horse in Motion of a galloping horse by Eadweard Muybridge from the year 1878 had shown, for the first time, that all four feet of a horse are off the ground for a short moment while trotting, i.e. it flies through the air during this phase. Inspired by this impressive insight into the secrets of nature new techniques were developed to further minimize the exposure time for resolving increasingly shorter physical events with the help of high-speed photography. Nowadays, the generation of short and ultrashort laser pulses do not only play an important role in modern forms of high-speed photography, but also in other fields of research such as time-resolved spectroscopy and Lidar. Moreover, for advanced industrial applications, e.g. high-precision micromachining, ultrashort laser pulses become more and more important as well. The achievable quality of laser micromachining depends strongly on the duration of the applied pulses and on the thermal diffusion time of the material to be structured. Herein, metals are particularly problematic due to their high thermal conductivity and relatively low melting temperatures. With laser systems delivering pulses in the nanosecond region the ablation of metals is therefore accompanied by the formation of a large heat-affected zone and a throw-out of molten material. Using ultrashort pulses with durations near or below 1 ps this heat-affected zone can be significantly reduced which allows a cost-effective fabrication of high-precision microstructures. Such pulse durations are routinely obtained from mode-locked laser sources which are, for the most part, complex and sensitive to external perturbations. In contrast to these mode-locked oscillators, Q-switched lasers are more robust and simple, but they emit longer pulses (usually in the nanosecond range) with significantly higher energies and lower repetition rates. In recent years, the further development of miniaturized passively Q-switched seed sources, the so-called microchip lasers (MCLs), has even enabled pulses in the subnanosecond region. For many industrial applications that are satisfied with such pulse durations Q-switched lasers can often compete with mode-locked seed sources owing to their simplicity and cost efficiency. Hence, in the context of economic micromachining a further temporal reduction of Q-switched laser pulses toward or even below 1 ps is of immense interest from the industrial point of view. The objectives of this dissertation are: First, the research and further development of extra-cavity pulse-shortening methods suitable for Q-switched laser sources, e.g. passively Q-switched MCLs, able to reach the 10 ps range with a high temporal quality starting from 100 ps long pulses; Second, the investigation and realization of the amplification of the shortened laser pulses to an energy level that is, for example, already sufficient for applications in the field of micromachining; Third, the development of a novel pulse-shortening concept which utilizes an optimal combination of different nonlinear pulse-shortening methods to reach the subpicosecond pulse-duration region starting from a MCL seed source; Last but not least, the integration of this concept into an all-fiber setup that leads to a very compact, environmentally stable, and costeffective pulse-shortening system delivering sub-200 fs pulses which are far below the shortest Q-switched laser pulses reported at the beginning of this work. Thus, the thesis is structured as follows: After a brief summary of the theoretical background in chapter 2, the first nonlinear pulse-shortening method, the so-called dispersion-free pulse shortening, is discussed in chapter 3. In this context, the principle and characteristics of the dispersion-free pulse-shortening method are derived with the aid of a graphical model followed by numerical simulations and experimental investigations. Moreover, an enhanced technique of this method employing smoothed spectra is presented and, subsequently, the dispersion-free pulse shortening is compared to other pulse-shortening concepts which have been already applied to MCLs in the past. Chapter 4 examines the high-power amplification of the dispersion-free shortened pulses employing an active fiber stage followed by a nonlinear pulse compression which simultaneously represents the second pulse-shortening method investigated in the framework of this dissertation. The optimal combination of these two nonlinear pulse-shortening methods results in a novel concept reaching the subpicosecond pulseduration region starting from MCL pulses in the 100 ps range. In chapter 5 this novel concept is described and experimentally realized as free-space and as all-fiber setup. Finally, the thesis ends with a conclusion and an outlook in chapter 6.
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Technische Daten


Erscheinungsdatum
24.05.2016
Sprache
Englisch
EAN
9783863877194, 9783863877194
Herausgeber
Mensch & Buch
Sonderedition
Nein
Autor
Reinhold Lehneis
Seitenanzahl
111
Auflage
1
Einbandart
Taschenbuch
Einbandart Details
Klebebindung
Schlagwörter
Optical fibers, Q-switched microchip lasers, microchip lasers, laser pulses
Thema-Inhalt
PHJL - Laserphysik
Thema-Zusatz
für die Hochschulausbildung, für die Erwachsenenbildung

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