Main Currents in Contemporary German, British, and American Philosophy

14.08.1970

Englisch

9789401033770

Springer Netherland

Nein

W. Stegmüller

570

Softcover reprint of the original 4th edition 1969

Taschenbuch

Nelson Goodman, Rudolf Carnap, intention, Willard Van Orman Quine, Karl R. Popper, Martin Heidegger, Kant, logic, American philosophy, Ludwig Wittgenstein

QDHR - Moderne Philosophie: nach 1800 NH - Geschichte NHAH - Geschichtsschreibung, Historiographie GTM - Regionalstudien JBCC - Kulturwissenschaften

Introduction: The Problems of Contemporary Philosophy.- A. Tradition and Innovation in Contemporary Philosophy.- 1. Kant and Contemporary Philosophy.- 2. Philosophy, Science and Culture.- 3. Modern Irrationalism.- B. The Process of Differentiation in Philosophy.- C. A Look Ahead.- 1. Metaphysics and Ontology.- 2. Logic and the Theory of Knowledge.- 3. Ethics.- I / The Philosophy of Self-Evidence: Franz Brentano.- A. Mental Phenomena and Knowledge.- 1. Mental Phenomena and the Locus of Truth.- 2. The Change in the Concept of Truth.- 3. Kinds of Judgments.- 4. Consciousness and the World.- B. The Theory of Being.- 1. The Uniform Character of the Concept of Being.- 2. The Problem of Universals and the Meanings of the Word ‘Being’ (Seiend).- 3. The Problem of Categories.- C. The Theory of Moral Knowledge.- D. Knowledge of God.- 1. Arguments for the Existence of God.- 2. The Theodicy.- E. Evaluation.- II / Methodological Phenomenology: Edmund Husserl.- A. The Absolute Character of Truth.- 1. The Empiricist Consequences of Psychologism.- 2. Psychologism as Skeptical Relativism.- 3. The Prejudices and Preconceptions of Psychologism.- B. The Problem of Universals.- C. Intentionality, Judgment and Knowledge (The Phenomenology of Consciousness).- 1. The Sensory Level in Consciousness.- 2. The Structure of the Intentional Act.- 3. The Phenomenology of Knowledge.- 4. Sensuous and Categorial Knowledge.- D. The Phenomenological Intuiting of Essences (Die phänomenologische Wesensschau).- E. Phenomenology and Transcendental Philosophy.- F. Evaluation.- III / Applied Phenomenology: Max Scheler.- A. Gnoseology and Phenomenology.- B. The Theory of Sympathy.- C. Value and Person.- 1. The Problem of Value.- 2. The Essence of the Person.- D. Religious Philosophy and Theology.- E. Man’s Place in the Stratified Structure of the World.- F. Evaluation.- IV / Existential Ontology: Martin Heidegger.- A. The Philosophy of Existence in General and its Historical Relationship to Western Thought.- B. The Ontology of Finite Dasein.- 1. The Problem of Being and Being-in-the-World.- 2. The ‘They’ (Das Man).- 3. State-of-Mind and Understanding.- 4. Dread and the Care-Structure of Dasein.- 5. Reality and Truth.- 6. Being-toward-Death.- 7. Conscience, Being-Guilty, and Authentic Existence.- 8. Temporality.- 9. Historicality and Repetition.- C. Evaluation.- V / The Philosophy of Existence: Karl Jaspers.- A. Philosophical World-Orientation, Illumination of Existence, and Metaphysics.- 1. World-Orientation.- 2. The Illumination of Existence.- 3. Metaphysics.- B. The Being of the Encompassing, and Truth.- 1. The Modes of the Encompassing.- 2. The Forms of Truth.- C. Evaluation.- VI / Critical Realism: Nicolai Hartmann.- A. The Metaphysics of Knowledge.- B. The Structure of Being.- 1. The Basic General Questions of Ontology.- 2. The Problem of Modalities of Being.- 3. The Problem of Principles of Being.- 4. Problems of Special Categorial Analysis (Philosophy of Nature).- C. The Philosophy of Spirit.- D. The Philosophy of Value.- 1. Ethics.- 2. Aesthetics.- E. Evaluation.- VII / Modern Empiricism: Rudolf Carnap and the Vienna Circle.- A. Reasons for the Rise of Modern Empiricism.- B. Immanence Positivism (Mach, Avenarius) and the Epistemology of Moritz Schlick.- C. Definitions and Explications of Concepts.- 1. Nominal Definitions, Definitions in Use and the Elimination of Ideal Objects.- 2. The Elucidation and Explication of Concepts.- 3. The Axiomatic Method and Implicit Definitions. Proper and Improper Concepts. Coordinating Definitions.- D. Statements and the Meaning of Statements.- 1. First Formulation of the Empiricist’s Criterion of Meaning.- 2. The Meaninglessness of Metaphysics.- E. The Structure of Empirical Knowledge.- 1. The System of Construction (Constitution) of Empirical Concepts: Carnap’s Logischer Aufbau der Welt.- 2. Physicalism and the Unity of Science: the Theories of Carnap and Neurath.- 3. Popper’s Falsification Theory.- 4. The Confirmability and Testability of Empirical Sentences. Carnap’s New Version of the Empiricist Criterion of Meaning.- F. Semantics and Logical Syntax.- 1. Logic, the Theory of Science, and Language Construction.- 2. The Basic Concepts of Semantics.- 3. L-Semantics.- 4. Formal Systems and their Interpretation.- G. Evaluation.- VIII / Foundational Studies and Contemporary Analytic Philosophy.- A. Research in the Foundations of Logic and Mathematics.- 1. Mathematical Logic.- 2. The Foundations of Mathematics — Logicism, Intuitionism, and Proof Theory.- B. The Theory of Empirical Scientific Knowledge.- 1. The Basis Problem (Schlick, Neurath, Popper, Pap, Carnap).- 2. The Logical Analysis of the Concept of Scientific Explanation (the Theory of Hempel and Oppenheim).- 3. The Methodological Character of Theoretical Concepts (Carnap’s Theory).- 4. Inductive Logic and Probability (Carnap’s Theory).- 5. The Problem of Natural Laws (Nelson Goodman’s Theory).- C. Problems of Reality.- 1. The Problem of Being and the Problem of Universals (the Theories of W.V. Quine).- 2. Inquiries into the Structure of the World of Appearance (Goodman’s Theory).- 3. The Mind-Body Problem (the Theory of Herbert Feigl).- D. Ethics.- 1. C. D. Broad’s Classification of Ethical Problems.- 2. Emotivist or Non-Cognitivist Ethical Theories (the Theories of Charles L. Stevenson and Richard M. Hare).- IX / Ludwig Wittgenstein.- A. Philosophy I.- 1. The Ontological Framework.- 2. The Isomorphism Theory of Sentence Meaning and of Knowledge.- 3. The Sense of Compound Sentences.- 4. Transcendental Philosophical Outlook.- B. Philosophy II.- 1. The Abandonment of the Presuppositions of the T-Philosophy.- 2. Word Meaning, Word Use, and Language Games.- a. Critique of the Theory of Word Meanings.- b. Sentence Radical and Sentence Mood.- c. Word Use and Language Games.- 3. Philosophical Riddles, the Philosophy of Essence, False Pictures, and Being Misled by Language.- 4. Language and Mind.- 5. Inner Experience and Other Minds.- 6. The Philosophy of Logic and Mathematics.- Index of Names.- Index of Subjects.

280 mm

21.6 cm