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Grassland in a changing world

H Schnyder (Broschiert, Englisch)

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Foreword Grassland is the major resource to sustain the living of about one billion people worldwide. In industrialized Europe, grassland covers some 30 % of the agricultural area and forms the basis of a strong ruminant livestock sector. Grassland also provides a broad range of services that are beneficial for man. In addition to the production of herbage for livestock, grassland plays a major role in, for example, the maintenance of biodiversity, carbon sequestration into soils, clean surface and ground water, and the provision of an attractive environment for recreation and leisure activities. The way grassland provides these services is increasingly being affected by large scale processes that are commonly summarized as "global change". Grassland farming, the intensity of management and utilization, and the production of goods and environmental services at a given site are strongly affected by global markets for tradable goods, by international societal developments, by worldwide and realtime information exchange, and, most importantly, by climate change. These factors are seriously challenging the functioning of grassland and there is a great uncertainty as to how grassland will maintain its importance. Grassland researchers have realized this challenge and they have responded with in depth research in the various aspects of grassland farming and global change. This was the background for the organizers of the EGF 2010 General Meeting to select 'Grassland in a Changing World' as the general topic of the conference. It is the first time that this topic has been addressed as the major theme for an EGF conference. Within this theme, five sections have been identified, ranging from 'grassland, climate and socio-economic change', over 'the future of grassland production systems', 'from grass to milk and meat', 'grassland ecosystem services', to 'pastoral systems'. Peer reviewed papers have been included in the present conference proceedings that are published in the EGF book series 'Grassland Science in Europe' as volume 15. Each section is introduced by a pair of review-papers from experienced scientists, followed by a set of voluntary submissions that had been presented at the conference as either oral or paper contributions. The book is an excellent source for up-todate research in the field of grassland science and global change. We wish to express our gratitude to the many people who have contributed to the conference. First of all we thank the 400 delegates from more than 40 countries all over the world for their scientific contributions as lectures, papers, posters and in the discussions. We particularly thank the numerous people that actively supported the planning and preparation of the conference: the members of the Organizing and the Scientific Committees, the many external reviewers, Alan Hopkins for the anglicizing of the manuscripts, Karl Auerswald for revising, formatting and proofreading of the whole book, and Melitta Sternkopf for managing the correspondence with the authors. Special thanks go to the members of the organizing group at Kiel University, Antje Herrmann as the Conference Secretary, Sigmone Hoffmann, Karin Rahn and the many 'helping hands' in the conference office, and the technical support team. Many thanks also to Martin Elsäßer and his team for organizing the most attractive preconference tour. They were all very dedicated to the conference and it was a pleasure to share the experience of organizing a General Meeting with them. The European Grassland Federation Secretary Willy Kessler was very helpful in giving sound advice throughout the four years of conference preparations. The conference was supported by many sponsors whose contributions are gratefully acknowledged. Hans Schnyder Chairman of the Scientific Committee Friedhelm Taube Chairman of the Organizing Committee Johannes Isselstein President of the European Grassland Federation Table of Content Session 1. Grassland and Global Change Invited papers Impact of economic and political drivers on the grassland use in the EU Osterburg B., Isermeyer F., Lassen B. and Röder N. 3 C3/C4 grasslands and climate change Lattanzi F.A. 3 Session 1.1 Grassland and climate change Oral Presentations Changes in soil organic matter content of grassland and maize land in the Netherlands between 1970 and 2009 Reijneveld J.A., Kuikman P.J. and Oenema O. 4 Changes in abundance and diversity of wild species in grass fields in Denmark Andreasen C., Stryhn H. and Andresen L.C. 4 Impacts of climate change on the grazing period, and the conserved feeding costs of grazing systems in the UK Topp C.F.E., Wreford A., Tolkamp B.J., Wu L. and Moran D. 5 Poster Presentations 1.1.01 Effect of crude protein intake on CH4 concentration in a dairy stall Arriaga H., Blanco F., Salcedo G., Martínez-Suller L. and Merino P. 5 1.1.02 Quantification of ley yield increase by climate change in mountainous regions of southern Norway Baadshaug O.H., Haugen L.E. and Skjelvåg A.O. 6 1.1.03 Evaluation of greenhouse gas emissions from fertilized grassland Balezentiene L., Klimas E. and Bleizgys R. 6 1.1.04 Carbon gain of C3 and C4 grasses in a dense canopy in the field Berone G.D., Lattanzi F.A. and Schnyder H. 7 1.1.05 AFLP analysis of genetic differentiation in legume germplasm in contrasting environments Collins R.P., Frankow-Lindberg B.E., Helgadóttir Á., Skøt L., Jones C. and Skøt K.P. 7 1.1.06 Factors determining changes in the xerothermic grasslands in Skierbieszów Landscape Park (SE Poland) Cwener A. and Chmielewski P. 8 1.1.07 Greenhouse gas inventory for grasslands in the Basque Country in 1990 and 2008 del Hierro O., Artetxe A. and Pinto M. 8 1.1.08 Fertiliser value and environmental impact of digestate application on permanent grassland Dieterich B., Finnan J., Hepp S., Hochstrasser T. and Müller C. 9 1.1.09 Change in carbon balance of a dry calcareous grassland caused by spontaneous afforestation Ferlan M., Eler K., Alberti G., Vodnik D., Peressotti A., Miglietta F., Simon_i_ P. and Bati_ F. 9 1.1.10 Using a dynamic system simulation model to assess the effects of climate change on grass-based dairy systems in Ireland Fitzgerald J.B., Holden N.M. and Brereton A.J. 9 1.1.11 Reduction of N2O emissions from grasslands under Atlantic conditions with the use of inhibitors (Basque Country, northern Spain) Menéndez S., Merino P., Pinto M., González-Murua C. and Estavillo J.M. 10 1.1.12 Evapotranspiration from grassland with contact to groundwater Misztal A. and Zarzycki J. 10 1.1.13 Climate change mitigation in European grasslands Peeters A. and Hopkins A. 11 1.1.14 Surface Runoff Simulator (SIMU) hastens the research on phosphorus losses from grassland Saarijärvi K. and Virkajärvi P. 11 1.1.15 Effect of climate change on grassland production for herbivorous livestock systems in France Ruget F., Moreau J.-C., Cloppet E. and Souverain F. 12 1.1.16 Fertilising practices to reduce nitrous oxide emissions from managed grasslands Schils R.L.M., Van Groenigen J.W., Velthof G.L. and Kuikman P.J. 12 1.1.17 Nitrous oxide emissions from highly productive grassland as a function of soil compaction and nitrogen fertilization Schmeer M., Dittert K., Loges R., Senbayram M. and Taube F. 13 1.1.18 Grazing intensity and precipitation affects herbage accumulation, herbage quality and animal performance in semi-arid grassland Schönbach P., Wan H., Gierus M., Müller K., Lin L., Susenbeth A. and Taube F. 13 1.1.19 Effect of precipitation on dry matter production of a meadow with varied cutting frequency Thumm U. and Tonn B. 14 1.1.20 Adaptability of permanent grassland to the drought Vozár _., Jan_ovi_ J., Ba_ová S. and Kunášová P. 14 1.1.21 Modelling the aboveground productivity in Cantabrian mountain grassland: the effect of available moisture and grazing Aldezabal A., Mandaluniz N., Laskurain N.A., Azpiroz A. and Uriarte L. 14 1.1.22 Management of a Nardetum strictae – results of a fifty year experiment Hochberg H. and Zopf D. 15 1.1.23 Effects of nutrient availability on intrinsic water-use efficiency of temperate seminatural grassland under rising atmospheric CO2 during the last century Köhler I., Poulton P., Macdonald A., Auerswald K. and Schnyder H. 15 1.1.24 Can the dehesa system work as a carbon sink? Analysis of the case of the ‘deheson del encinar’ (Toledo, Spain) Roig S., López-Carrasco C., Benavides R., De Simón Cid N., Díaz-Pines E., Montes F., Alonso Ponce R. and Rubio A. 16 Session 1.2 Grassland and socio-economic change Oral presentations Case-control studies for risk-assessment in ecology and agriculture Suter M. and Lüscher A. 17 Extensive grasslands beyond the year 2013 – present situation and options for the future? Luick R. and Schrode S. 17 Simulation of the effect of grass intake on the farmer’s income Van den Pol-van Dasselaar A., De Haan M., Evers A. and Philipsen A.P. 18 Poster presentations 1.2.01 Socio-economic changes and their effects on agro-pastoral goat husbandry systems in semi-arid, sub-tropical mountain regions Dickhoefer U. and Schlecht E. 18 1.2.02 Management and legislation affecting the conservation of mountain grasslands subjected to common use in Central Apennine D’Ottavio P., Trobbiani P., Rismondo M., Iezzi G., Piergiovanni R., Sargenti P., Santilocchi R. and Roggero P.P. 19 1.2.03 Structural analysis of the dairy industry and its evolution in Central Switzerland Hofstetter P. 19 1.2.04 Grassland management on the ‘Low Cost Farm’: an overview of an eight-year period Holshof G. and de Haan M.H.A. 20 1.2.05 Global economic crisis impacts on dairy cattle in the Czech Republic Kvapilík J., Kohoutek A. and Komárek P. 20 1.2.06 Values and image of pasture-based milk production systems Lobsiger M., Wyss U., Réviron S. and Stoll W. 20 1.2.07 The role of agri-environmental programmes in grassland conservation and environmental protection Stypi_ski P. 21 1.2.08 Assessment of energy consumption pattern in a sample of Walloon livestock farming systems Rabier F., Mignon C., Lejeune L. and Stilmant D. 21 1.2.09 Threats to grassland plant diversity in Transylvania, Romania Larkham K.S. and Sutcliffe L.M.E. 22 1.2.10 Environmental aspects of grazing animals in a European context Van der Hoek K.W. 22 1.2.11 Abandonment of farming practices: impact on vegetation Zarzycki J. and Misztal A. 22 1.2.12 Master Cattleman: a comprehensive-interdisciplinary approach for delivering forage-livestock information to producers Lacefield G., Burris R., Smith R. and Porter L. 23 Session 2. The Future of Grassland Productions Systems Invited papers The role of genetic resources for sustainable and productive grassland agriculture Kölliker R. and Boller B. 27 Grass biomethane: A sustainable alternative industry for grassland Singh A., Korres N.E. and Murphy J.D. 27 Session 2.1 Grassland systems and technology Oral presentations Dry matter and protein yields of red clover, Italian ryegrass and their mixtures Alibegovic-Grbic S., Bezdrob M. and Civic H. 28 Analysis of hyperspectral data to estimate forage quality in legume-grass mixtures Biewer S., Fricke T. and Wachendorf M. 28 Modelling ammonia emissions after field application of biogas slurries on grassland sites Pacholski A., Gericke D., Ni K. and Kage H. 29 Influence of cutting date and pre-conditioning on the energy production from grassland through the integrated generation of solid fuel and biogas from biomass (IFBB) Richter F., Fricke T. and Wachendorf M. 29 Microwave for dock control on grassland Latsch R. and Sauter J. 30 Grassland yield response to knife/tine slurry injection equipment – benefit or crop damage? Halling M.A. and Rodhe L. 30 Better grazing opportunities with a mobile milking robot Haan M.H.A. de, Philipsen A.P., Van den Pol-van Dasselaar A., Holshof G., Lenssinck F.A.J. and Koning C.J.A.M. de. 31 Slurry seeding in grassland in Norway Nesheim L. 31 Continuous and rotational grazing system with horses: effects on gorse production understorey developed under Pinus radiata stand Mosquera-Losada M.R., Mouhbi R., González-Hernández M.P., Boubaker A. and Rigueiro-Rodríguez A. 32 Poster presentations 2.1.01 Productivity and yield quality of white clover-grass mixed swards depending on cutting frequency Adamovics A. and Adamovica O. 32 2.1.02 Comparison of three traditional uses of forage production of mountain meadows in western Azerbayjan, Iran Akbarlou M., Mesdaghi M. and Sepehry A. 33 2.1.03 Pastures feeding value response to humic fertilizers Klimas E. and Balezentiene L. 33 2.1.04 Soil fertility and forage yield in a maize-Italian ryegrass rotation fertilized with pelletized broiler litter Bande-Castro M.J., Gómez-Sánchez R., Sainz M.J. and López-Mosquera M.E. 34 2.1.05 Natural lucerne populations of Estonia: yielding ability, herbage quality and prospective ways of use Bender A. and Tamm S. 34 2.1.06 A preliminary study on new biodegradable films to cover silages Borreani G., Chion A.R., Piano S., Ranghino F. and Tabacco E. 35 2.1.07 Utilisation of clover-grass silage of different cutting dates for solid fuel production Bühle L., Richter F., Perbandt D., Stoll S. and Wachendorf M. 35 2.1.08 PROGRASS – A mobile plant to produce solid fuel from grass harvested in the NATURA grassland habitats Bühle L., Donnison I., Heinsoo K., Südekum K.-H. and Wachendorf M. 36 2.1.09 White clover effect on yield and quality of a Lolium perenne sward under cutting conditions De Vliegher A. 36 2.1.10 Crop-livestock system: Influence of different sward heights in cattle performance Carvalho P. C. de F.,Wesp C. de L., Conte O., Machado A. P., Oliveira E. V. and Bremm C. 37 2.1.11 Grazing with a mobile milking robot Dufrasne I., Robaye V., Istasse L. and Hornick J. L. 37 2.1.12 Fermentation residues of biogas co-fermentation and their effects on grassland Elsaesser M. 38 2.1.13 Forage yield and N2 fixation of Trifolium alexandrinum in pure stand and in mixture with Lolium multiflorum Giambalvo D., Amato G., Di Miceli G., Frenda A.S., Ruisi P. and Stringi L. 38 2.1.14 Effect of different methods of sward renovation on selected physical and chemical soil properties Zaj_c M., Spychalski W. and Goli_ski P. 39 2.1.15 Biogas-Expert: grassland methane yield and short-term N efficiency of biogas residues Wienforth B., Herrmann A., Sieling K., Ohl S., Hartung E., Taube F. and Kage H. 39 2.1.16 Using digital image analysis to estimate legume contents in legume-grass swards Himstedt M., Fricke T. and Wachendorf M. 40 2.1.17 Grassland potassium balance in a pot experiment using soils with different management histories Seidel M., Kayser M., Moir J.L. and Isselstein J. 40 2.1.18 The intensity of grassland management on farms in the north-eastern part of Lublin province Jankowski K., Jode_ka J., Kolczarek J. and Sosnowski J. 41 2.1.19 Formation of hayland productivity and hay quality in the forest steppe of Ukraine depending on the methods of fertilization of perennial grasses Kovtun K., Petrychenko V., Veklenko Y., Dutka G., Senyk I. and Mazur V. 41 2.1.20 Effects of Trifolium incarnatum proportion in binary mixtures with Lolium multiflorum on the soil Nmin content and the amount of symbiotically fixed N Kramberger B., Gselman A. and Podvrsnik M. 42 2.1.21 Use of portable NIRS equipment in field conditions to determine the nutritional value of mountain pastures Mendarte S., Ibarra A., Garbisu C., Besga G. and Albizu I. 42 2.1.22 Dairy soiled water as an organic fertilizer for perennial ryegrass pasture Minogue D., Murphy P., French P., Coughlan F. and Bolger T. 43 2.1.23 Fertilisation with different types of sewage sludge on pasture production and protein concentration in a silvopastoral system developed under Fraxinus excelsior L. Mosquera-Losada M.R., Ferreiro-Domínguez N. and Rigueiro-Rodríguez A. 43 2.1.24 Liming and sewage sludge influence on Ca soil and understorey development in reforested Pinus radiata D. Don plantations Rigueiro-Rodríguez A., Cuiña-Cotarelo R. and Mosquera-Losada M.R. 44 2.1.25 Continuous and rotational grazing system with horses: effects on gorse production understorey developed under Pinus radiata stand Mosquera-Losada M.R., Mouhbi R., González-Hernández M.P., Boubaker A. and Rigueiro-Rodríguez A. 32 2.1.26 Impact of different levels of inorganic and organic fertilizers on sward production Rigueiro-Rodríguez A., García-Fernández M. and Mosquera-Losada M.R. 44 2.1.27 The organic-mineral fertilization of a Festuca rubra L. grassland for eight years P_curar F., Rotar I., Gârda N. and Morea A. 45 2.1.28 Effect of frost on regrowth ability and frost tolerance of rush (Juncus spp.) Folkestad J., Østrem L. and Netland J. 45 2.1.29 Hyperspectral measurements in maize (Zea mays L.) for silage Perbandt D., Fricke T. and Wachendorf M. 46 2.1.30 Effects of additional illumination under changing simulated sky cover on field spectroscopic measurements in clover-grass swards Perbandt D., Fricke T. and Wachendorf M. 46 2.1.31 Analysis of land utilisation by red deer in the Apennine Mountains Crocetti C., Ponzetta M.P., Minder I., Messeri A., Cervasio F., Argenti G. and Maccelli S. 46 2.1.32 Ammonia volatilization after application of biogas slurries in a coastal marsh region of Northern Germany Quakernack R., Techow A., Herrmann A., Taube F., Kage H. and Pacholski A. 47 2.1.33 Changes in soil P status of grassland in the Netherlands between 1971 and 2009 Reijneveld J.A., Ehlert P.A.I., Schoumans O.F., Termorshuizen A.J and Oenema O. 47 2.1.34 A comparison of different conversion techniques for the production of energy from permanent grasslands Richter F. and Wachendorf M. 48 2.1.35 Improvement of permanent grasslands in NE Romania Samuil C., Vintu V., Iacob T. and Popovici I. C. 48 2.1.36 Effects of different methods of meadow maintenance and non-tillage seeding on yield and plant composition Sauter J. and Latsch R. 49 2.1.37 Suitability of perennial grasses and legume-grass-mixtures for methane production Schmaler K., Weiß K. and Krause R. 49 2.1.38 Defining optimum practices for Italian ryegrass seed production in Serbia Simi_ A., Vu_kovi_ S., Petrovi_ S. and Sokolovi_ D. 49 2.1.39 Influence of sod seeding grassland on the quality of the first cut Skládanka, J., Mikyska F., Doležal P., Šeda J. and Rosická L. 50 2.1.40 The benefits of long-term legume swards in an organic farming system Slepetys J. and Slepetiene A. 51 2.1.41 Grass and grass-legume mixtures for methane production Sölter U., Höppner F., Luesink W., Ingwersen B., Feuerstein U. and Greef J.M. 51 2.1.42 Biogas-Expert: Sustainable biomethane production in northern Germany - Nitrogen leaching after application of biogas residue Svoboda N., Wienforth B., Sieling K., Kage H., Taube F. and Herrmann A. 52 2.1.43 Biogas-Expert: Nitrous oxide emission from biogas production systems on a coastal marsh soil Techow A., Dittert K., Senbayram M., Quakernak R., Pacholski A., Kage H., Taube F. and Herrmann A. 52 2.1.44 The evaluation of tall fescue, cocksfoot and reed canary grass as energy crops for biogas production Tilvikien V., Kadžiulien Z. and Dabkevi_ius Z. 53 2.1.45 Potential of leaching to optimise fuel quality of semi-natural grassland biomass Tonn B., Thumm U. and Claupein W. 53 2.1.46 Improving grasslands of Agrostis capillaris and Festuca rubra in the Carpathian Mountains of Romania by organic fertilization Vintu V., Samuil C., Popovici I.C. and Saghin G. 54 2.1.47 Assessing small-scale soil spatial variability and depth to groundwater on shallow grassland soils with electromagnetic induction Gottfried T., Auerswald K. and Schnyder H. 54 2.1.48 High quality grass – Potential for biogas production Banemann D., Kramer E. and Ingwersen B. 55 2.1.49 Strategies for optimizing light interception in grass-clover swards – effects on yield and quality Lind P. and Köpke U. 55 2.1.50 Methods of the accelerated reestablishment of grasslands on arable lands of the Ukrainian Forest-Steppe Kurgak V. and Tovstoshkur V. 55 2.1.51 Feeding cows with grasses in different keeping systems Ošmane B., Jemeljanovs A., Miculis J., Konosonoka I.H. and Ceria S. 56 Session 2.2 The role of genetic resources Oral presentations The effect of evaluation protocol on the dry matter yield performance of Lolium perenne varieties McEvoy M., O’Donovan M., Wims C. and Kennedy E. 56 A system to optimize forage crop variety trials for regionalized Recommended Lists in Germany Hartmann S. 57 Genetic shift in white clover (Trifolium repens L.) after natural selection in a marginal area Göransson M. and Helgadóttir Á. 57 Poster presentations 2.2.01 Some plant characteristics of accessions of fescue species (Festuca sp.) collected from the Central-Black Sea Region of Turkey Acar Z., Ayan I., Basaran U., Mut H. and Asci O. 58 2.2.02 Habitat of Camphorosma monspeliaca L. species in semi-arid regions of Iran Tilaki G.A.D. and Gharibvand H.A.K. 58 2.2.03 White clover (Trifolium repens L.) germplasm evaluation under two levels of soil phosphorus: growth and phosphorus absorption Acuña H., Inostroza L. and Sánchez M.P. 58 2.2.04 Influence of the cutting regime on sainfoin yield (Onobrychis viciifolia Scop.) Demdoum S., Delgado I. and Muñoz F. 59 2.2.05 Legumes increase forage Brassica yield in low-input systems Fustec J., Cortés-Mora F.A., Piva G., Oury V., Pineau S. and Renaud S. 59 2.2.06 Morphogenetic and structural characterization of seven tropical forage grasses Nascimento Jr. D., Rodrigues C. S., Da Silva S. C., Silveira M. C. T., Sousa B. M. L., Detmann E., Sbrissia A. F., Silva W. L., Pena K. S., Monteiro H. C. F. and Vilela H. H. 60 2.2.07 Morphogenetic and structural characteristics of Andropogon gayanus cut to different heights over seasons Nascimento Jr. D., Sousa B.M.L., Da Silva S.C., Monteiro H.C.F., Rodrigues C.S., Souza Jr. S.J., Sbrissia A.F. and Ramos R.S. 60 2.2.08 Influence of 1000-grain weight on predicted density of selected varieties of pasture grass species Harkot W., Czarnecki Z. and Gawryluk A. 61 2.2.09 Genetic diversity of red clover varieties listed in Germany concerning the resistance to Southern Anthracnose Jacob I., Hartmann S., Schubiger F.X. and Struck C. 61 2.2.10 Osmotic adjustment and water use efficiency of seven cultivars of Lotus corniculatus L. Inostroza L., Acuña H. and Rivera H. 62 2.2.11 Root system development of Lolium perenne under different management Straková M., Jank_ _. and Straka J. 62 2.2.12 Genotypic differences in maize phenology, growth and biomass in response to different N fertilizer sources applied at variable rates Amanullah. 63 2.2.13 Conservation characteristics of maize cultivars ensiled as whole-crop, cob or stover at sequential stages of maturity Lynch J.P., O’Kiely P. and Doyle E.M. 63 2.2.14 Response of Dactylis glomerata to low temperature stress Borawska-Jarmu_owicz B., Mastalerczuk G. and Kalaji M.H. 64 2.2.15 The aesthetic value of turfgrass varieties Popovici C. I., Vintu V. and Samuil C. 64 2.2.16 Apex development and stem morphology of vernalized and regrowing tillers of timothy Seppänen M., Pakarinen K., Jokela V., Andersen J.R., Fiil A., Santanen A. and Virkajärvi P. 65 2.2.17 Lifespan of white clover (Trifolium repens L.) plant organs under northern temperate climatic conditions Sturite I., Henriksen T.M. and Breland T.A. 65 2.2.18 Effects of fungal endophyte infection in the grass Festuca rubra on germination and growth of four legume species Vázquez-de-Aldana B.R., Romo M., García-Ciudad A., Petisco C. and García-Criado B. 66 2.2.19 Cytoplasmic genetic diversity in molecular markers within and between Lolium cultivars Wallace M.D., Provan J. and Gilliland T.J. 66 2.2.20 Effect of maturity type of Lolium perenne cultivars on performance of grass-clover mixtures under frequent cutting Wulfes R. and Taube F. 67 2.2.21 Evaluation of yield potential and genetic variances for nine cultivars of alfalfa under the New Valley environment Abdel-Galil M.M. and Hamed N. M. 67 2.2.22 Technology for seed production in three cultivars of white clover (Trifolium repens L.) under irrigation conditions in the south of Chile Romero O., Ortega F. and Levio H. 68 Session 3: From Grass to Milk and Meat Invited papers Authenticity and traceability of grassland production and products Monahan F.J., Moloney A.P., Downey G., Dunne P.G., Schmidt O. and Harrison S.M. 71 Forage conservation, feeding value and milk quality Huhtanen P., Südekum K.-H., Nousiainen J. and Shingfield K.J. 71 2.2.11 Root system development of Lolium perenne under different management Straková M., Jank_ _. and Straka J. 62 2.2.12 Genotypic differences in maize phenology, growth and biomass in response to different N fertilizer sources applied at variable rates Amanullah. 63 2.2.13 Conservation characteristics of maize cultivars ensiled as whole-crop, cob or stover at sequential stages of maturity Lynch J.P., O’Kiely P. and Doyle E.M. 63 2.2.14 Response of Dactylis glomerata to low temperature stress Borawska-Jarmu_owicz B., Mastalerczuk G. and Kalaji M.H. 64 2.2.15 The aesthetic value of turfgrass varieties Popovici C. I., Vintu V. and Samuil C. 64 2.2.16 Apex development and stem morphology of vernalized and regrowing tillers of timothy Seppänen M., Pakarinen K., Jokela V., Andersen J.R., Fiil A., Santanen A. and Virkajärvi P. 65 2.2.17 Lifespan of white clover (Trifolium repens L.) plant organs under northern temperate climatic conditions Sturite I., Henriksen T.M. and Breland T.A. 65 2.2.18 Effects of fungal endophyte infection in the grass Festuca rubra on germination and growth of four legume species Vázquez-de-Aldana B.R., Romo M., García-Ciudad A., Petisco C. and García-Criado B. 66 2.2.19 Cytoplasmic genetic diversity in molecular markers within and between Lolium cultivars Wallace M.D., Provan J. and Gilliland T.J. 66 2.2.20 Effect of maturity type of Lolium perenne cultivars on performance of grass-clover mixtures under frequent cutting Wulfes R. and Taube F. 67 2.2.21 Evaluation of yield potential and genetic variances for nine cultivars of alfalfa under the New Valley environment Abdel-Galil M.M. and Hamed N. M. 67 2.2.22 Technology for seed production in three cultivars of white clover (Trifolium repens L.) under irrigation conditions in the south of Chile Romero O., Ortega F. and Levio H. 68 2.2.23 Selection of red clover (Trifolium pratense L.) genotypes in north-western Russia Pozdnyakov V.A., Malashin S.N., Drizhachenko A.I. and Pozdnyakov A.V. 68 Session 3: From Grass to Milk and Meat Invited papers Authenticity and traceability of grassland production and products Monahan F.J., Moloney A.P., Downey G., Dunne P.G., Schmidt O. and Harrison S.M. 71 Forage conservation, feeding value and milk quality Huhtanen P., Südekum K.-H., Nousiainen J. and Shingfield K.J. 71 3.1.09 Forage species effects on particle digestion kinetics estimated by rumen evacuation or gas production technique Bayat A.R., Rinne M., Seppälä A., Ahvenjärvi S. and Huhtanen P. 81 3.1.10 Non structural carbohydrate concentration of AM and PM-cut forage species Bélanger G., Pelletier S., Tremblay G.F., Bertrand A., Drapeau R., Castonguay Y. and Pageau D. 81 3.1.11 Characterization of forages produced and used in the production area of Parmigiano-Reggiano cheese Bortolazzo E., Ligabue M. and Pacchioli M.T. 82 3.1.12 Variability in composition of grass samples in a national testing system for Lolium perenne L. Burns G.A., Gilliland T.J., McGilloway D.A., Lewis E., O’Donovan M. and O’Kiely P. 82 3.1.13 Aerobic deterioration in maize silages under different covering methods of the plastic film Amaral R.C., Queiroz B.C., Garcia E.H.C., Sá Neto A., Bernardes T.F. and Nussio L.G. 83 3.1.14 Influence of conventional versus organic management systems on degradability characteristics of grass silages for dairy cows Martínez-Fernández A., Campa B., Vicente F., Soldado A. and de la Roza-Delgado B. 83 3.1.15 The use of unstandardized or standardized spectra to expand a NIR calibration model for herbage analysis Castro P. 84 3.1.16 Description and prediction of multi-species pasture nutritive value across the grazing season Delaby L., Baumont R., Peccatte J.R., Aufrère J. and Peyraud J.L. 84 3.1.17 Physico-chemical characterisation of forage fibre from different C3-grasses in South Brazil Eggers M., Bockor J., Oliveira Júnior J.M., Warpechowski M.B., Dittrich J. and Gierus M. 85 3.1.18 Fatty acid composition of forage herb species Warner D., Jensen S.K., Cone J.W. and Elgersma A. 85 3.1.19 Effects of row spacing and seeding rate on sorghum whole crop yield and quality Emile J. C., Bolaños-Aguilar E.D., Le Roy P. and Audebert G. 86 3.1.20 Yields and contents of condensed tannins of some forage legumes and herbs Goeritz M., Loges R. and Taube F. 86 3.1.21 Effects of dry matter and additive on wilted bale silage quality and milk production Heikkilä T., Saarisalo E., Taimisto A.-M. and Jaakkola S. 87 3.1.22 Aerobic stability and fermentation quality of round bale silage treated with inoculants or propionic acid Jaakkola S., Saarisalo E. and Heikkilä T. 87 3.1.23 Effects of a combination of selected lactic acid bacteria strains on the fermentation quality and aerobic deterioration of maize silage Jatkauskas J. and Vrotniakiene V. 88 3.1.24 Evaluation and performance of five maize hybrids for silage cut at different cutting heights Jobim C.C., Oliveira F.C.L., Branco A.F. and Santos G.T. 88 3.1.25 Characterisation of the fibre composition of fresh and ensiled herbage species under varying management conditions King C., McEniry J., Richardson M. and O’Kiely P. 89 3.1.26 Production abilities and forage quality of prospective grasses in the first year after renovation Kohoutek A., Komárek P., Nerušil, P., Odstr_ilová V. and N_mcová P. 89 3.1.27 Silage fermentation characteristics as influenced by red clover/ryegrass-mixing ratio, degree of wilting and silage inoculants Krawutschke M., Thaysen J., Weiher N., Gierus M. and Taube F. 90 3.1.28 The effect of different fodder galega-grass mixtures and nitrogen fertilization on forage yield and chemical composition Lättemäe P., Meripõld H., Tamm U. and Tamm S. 90 3.1.29 Insights into carbohydrate and protein fractionation in perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.) genotypes using the Cornell Net Carbohydrate and Protein System. 1. Carbohydrate and protein fractionation Lösche M., Salama H., Gierus M., Herrmann A. and Taube F. 91 3.1.30 Performance of ewes fed long or chopped grass silage using different feeding strategies Helander C., Eilersen R., Nørgaard P., Arnesson A. and Nadeau E. 91 3.1.31 Volatile fraction from sugarcane silage and forage proportion on the ingestive behaviour of beef steers Daniel J.L.P., Nussio L.G., Zopollatto M., Goulart R.S., Santos V.P. and Toledo Filho S.G. 92 3.1.32 Effect of additive treatment on fermentation quality and ruminal degradability of red clover-timothy silage Olt A., Kaldmäe H., Ots M., Kärt O. and Songisepp E. 92 3.1.33 Effect of fungicidal control of Festuca rubra L. ssp. commutata and F. rubra L. ssp. rubra on seed infection with fungi Panka D., Jeske M. and Szczepanek M. 93 3.1.34 Suitability of seed mixtures for intensively farmed permanent meadows in a mountain environment Peratoner G., Gottardi S., Werth E., Figl U., Bodner A. and Kasal A. 93 3.1.35 A simple model for the estimation of protein content of first-cut meadow forage Peratoner G., Bodner A., Stimpfl E., Werth E., Schaumberger A. and Kasal A. 93 3.1.36 A test of sampling methods for the investigation of forage quality in permanent meadows Kasal A., Stimpfl E. and Peratoner G. 94 3.1.37 The effect of Na-buffered acid-based additives on wilted roundbale grass silage Randby Å.T. 94 3.1.38 Relationships between dry matter yield, forage nutritive value, and some canopy parameters of alfalfa crop Rimi F., Macolino S. and Ziliotto U. 95 3.1.39 Insights into carbohydrate and protein fractionation in perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.) genotypes using the Cornell Net Carbohydrate and Protein System. 2. Ruminal kinetics Salama H., Lösche M., Gierus M., Herrmann A. and Taube F. 95 3.1.40 Floristic composition and herbage quality changes with tree cover in NW Patagonia, Chile Sánchez-Jardón L., Acosta B., Elizalde H. F., del Pozo A., Casado, M.A., Ovalle, C., Hepp C. and de Miguel J.M. 96 3.1.41 Aerobic stability evaluation by carbon dioxide (CO2) production on corn silages using Infrared Gas Analyzer Schmidt P., Junges D., Campos G.P. and Marques R. 96 3.1.42 Hygiene is crucial in controlling the heating of total mixed ration Seppälä A., Heikkilä T., Miettinen H. and Rinne M. 97 3.1.43 The effect of climate, clover species and swath management on pre-wilting of a mixture of grass and clover Søegaard K. 97 3.1.44 Micro-mineral profile in different grassland species Søegaard K., Sehested J. and Jensen S.K. 98 3.1.45 System modelling in studying cultivation, harvesting and storage of grass forage Suokannas A. and Niskanen M. 98 3.1.46 Yields of forage crops in Schleswig-Holstein 1985-2008 under farm-scale and trial conditions Thaysen J., Dreyer H., Sierts H.-P. and Thomsen J. 99 3.1.47 Does tiller type distribution explain the differences in yield and nutritive value of timothy genotypes? Virkajärvi P., Pakarinen K., Hyrkäs M., Savolainen J. and Isolahti M. 99 3.1.48 Fermentation quality and dry matter losses of grass-legume silage treated with lactic acid bacteria mixture Vrotniakiene V. and Jatkauskas J. 100 3.1.49 Effects of grass silage maturity and different grain sources on total dry matter intake and milk yield in high lactating dairy cows: fibre and starch interactions Tahir M.N., Hetta M., Lund P. and Martinsson K. 100 3.1.50 A comparison between cut and intensively grazed swards on dry matter yield of vperennial ryegrass Wims C., McEvoy M., Boland T. and O’Donovan M. 101 3.1.51 The influence of natural fertilisation on quality and nutritive value of grass silage Wróbel B. and Jankowska-Huflejt H. 101 Session 3.2 Authenticity and traceability of grassland production and products Oral presentations The effect of allocation frequency in rotational grazing systems on the fatty acid profile in milk fat of dairy cows Vlaeminck B., Abrahamse P.A., Fievez V., Lourenço M., Dijkstra J. and Tamminga S. 102 Influence of the botanical diversity and development stage of mountain pastures on milk fatty acid composition, carotenoids, fat-soluble vitamins and sensory properties Tornambé G., Ferlay A., Farruggia A., Chilliard Y., Loiseau P., P. Pradel., Graulet B., Chauveau-Duriot B. and Martin B. 102 Meat quality of Norwegian lambs finished on semi-natural pastures, concentrate or ryegrass pastures Lind V., Berg J., Eik L.O., Eilertsen S.M., Hersleth M. and Haugland E. 103 Tracing processes in grassland systems with stable isotopes - Results from the EGF master class N.N. 103 Poster presentations 3.2.01 Variation of fatty acid profile during the grazing season in cows’ milk from mountain permanent meadows Coppa M., Lonati M., Gorlier A., Falchero L., Cugno D., Lombardi G. and Cavallero A. 104 3.2.02 Milk fatty acids and cheese from hay based diet and continuous or rotational grazing Coppa M., Ferlay A., Monsallier F., Farruggia A., Pradel P. and Martin B. 104 3.2.03 Milk production and composition of day and night grazing of cows fed a total mixed ration Hernández-Ortega M., Morales-Almaráz E., Martínez-Fernández A., de la Roza-Delgado B. and Vicente F. 105 3.2.04 Fatty acids and antioxidant profiles in summer milk from different biodynamic and conventional systems in Southern Germany Kusche D., Ruebesam K. and Baars T. 105 3.2.05 Effect of the reduction of indoor supplementation on grazing time and sheep milk quality Mandaluniz N., Barrón L.J.R., Amores G., Arranz J., Virto M., Abilleira J.E., Aldezabal A., Ruiz de Gordoa J.C., Nájera A.I., Ruiz R., Albisu M., Pérez-Elortondo F.J. and de Renobales M. 106 3.2.06 Forage as a primary source of mycotoxins in the food chain Ned_lník J., Skládanka J., Doležal P., Moravcová H., Zeman L. and K_ížová Š. 106 3.2.07 Ability of visible spectroscopy to authenticate pasture-fed lambs in three breeds Prache S., Larue A., Ballet J., Jailler R., Coustet C., Teuma J.B., Pourrat J. and Andueza D. 107 3.2.08 Seasonal variation of fatty acid in milk of intensive and extensive dairy systems in Northern Italy Revello Chion A., Battelli G., Giaccone D., Peiretti P.G., Tabacco E. and Borreani G. 107 3.2.09 Composition and fatty acids profile of bovine milk after supplementation with barley and cottonseed Roca-Fernández A. I., González-Rodríguez A., Vázquez-Yáñez O.P. and Fernández-Casado J.A. 108 3.2.10 Influence of French dairy feeding systems on cow milk fatty acid composition Rouillé B. and Montourcy M. 108 3.2.11 Seasonal variation in the fatty acid composition of cow milk in the mountain regions of the Czech Republic Frelich J., Šlachta M., Hanuš O., Špi_ka J., Samková E. and Kobes M. 109 3.2.12 Diversity of vascular plants and ground beetles (Coleoptera: Carabidae) in mountain cattle pastures Šlachta M., Frelich J., Tonka T., Hakrová P. and Sýkorová Z. 109 3.2.13 The maturity stage of the grass affects milk fatty acids of cows grazing a mountain grassland. Tornambé G., Martin B., Pradel P., Di Grigoli A., Bonanno A., Chilliard Y. and Ferlay A. 110 3.2.14 Fatty acid composition of different grassland species Wyss U. and Collomb M. 110 3.2.15 Seasonal variation in fatty acid contents of cow milk from indoor and pasture-based feeding Wyss U., Collomb M., Frey H.J. and Hofstetter P. 111 3.2.16 PhytoMilk: Effect of silage botanical composition and harvest system on organic milk composition Höjer A., Martinsson K. and Gustavsson A.-M. 111 3.2.17 Variation in the profile of fatty acids in ewes’ milk in relation to changes in grasslands through the pasture season in meteorologically different years Meluchová B., Blaško J., Kubinec R., Górová R., Michalec M., Vargová V., Ková_iková Z., Margetín M. and Soják L. 112 Session 4. Grassland ecosystem services Invited papers Ecosystem services and functions of biodiversity in grasslands Weigelt A., Vogel A. and Scherer-Lorenzen M. 115 Balancing trade-offs in ecosystem functions and services in grassland management Sanderson M.A. and Wätzold F. 115 Session 4.1 Balancing tradeoffs between functions Oral presentations Plant functional strategies from 13 co-occurring grass species explain the productivity and abundance in productive grasslands Pontes L. da S., Maire V., Gross N., Proulx R., Louault F., Carrère P. and Soussana J.F. 116 Distinct response of two wet grassland communities to different management regimes _op J., Eler K. and Vidrih M. 116 Regulation of meadow saffron (Colchicum autumnale L.) in extensively managed grasslands Jung L.S., Winter S., Kriechbaum M., Eckstein R.L., Donath T.W. and Otte A. 117 Winter resistence of pasture weeds Rumex obtusifolius L. and R. crispus L. K_iš álová V., Hejcman M. and _ervená K. 117 Evaluation of the agronomical and environmental relevance of the CAP measure ‘flowering grassland’ Plantureux S., Ney A. and Amiaud B. 118 Poster presentations 4.1.01 Pyrrolizidine alkaloid level in Senecio jacobaea and Senecio erraticus – the effect of plant organ and forage conservation Berendonk C., Cerff D., Hünting K., Wiedenfeld H., Becerra J. and Kuschak M. 118 4.1.02 Yield evolution from pastures on the Po Valley plain during the growing season Da Ronch F. and Ziliotto U. 119 4.1.03 Pasture characteristics on a Venetian prealps malga where the animals’ diet is supplemented by concentrates Da Ronch F. and Ziliotto U. 119 4.1.04 Speed of reduction of the specific biodiversity in abandoned meadows when they are re-colonized by woodland Da Ronch F., Macolino S. and Ziliotto U. 119 4.1.05 Effects of the management techniques on the specific and coenotic biodiversity in three meadows of the Venetian plain (NE Italy) Da Ronch F., Bonifazzi B. and Ziliotto U. 120 4.1.06 Evaluation of the productivity and specific composition of the Šyša floodplain of the Lower Nemunas Butkut R., Skuodien R., Katutis K., Kon_ius D. and Repšien R. 120 4.1.07 Construction of a simplified method based on the functional composition of the vegetation for characterizing the agricultural services provided by species-rich grasslands Duru M., Cruz P., Jouany C. and Theau J.P. 121 4.1.08 Survival of Rumex seedlings under different management in upland grassland Gaisler J., Pavl_ V. and Pavl_ L. 121 4.1.09 Increasing the milk quality with grazing feeding in humid Spain grassland Gonzalez Rodriguez A., Roca-Fernandez A.I., Vazquez-Yañez O. and Fernandez-Casado J. 122 4.1.10 Grassland in Pays de Caux (France): balancing trade-off between livestock feeding and decreasing runoff Faure J., Havet A., Remy B. and Barrier C. 122 4.1.11 Secondary dry grassland management by frequent mowing in the Western-Cserhát, Hungary Házi J., Bartha S., Szentes S., Malatinszky Á. and Penksza K. 123 4.1.12 Agronomic characteristics of a lowland and a mountain hay meadow under different cutting regimes Hofmann M., Kirschig J. and Riehl G. 123 4.1.13 The effect of different grazing systems on botanical composition, diversity and productivity of permanent pasture Kobes M., Suchý K., Voženílková B. and Frelich J. 124 4.1.14 The impact of Deschampsia caespitosa (L.) P. Beauv (tufted hairgrass) on the floristic composition of meadow communities Kryszak A., Strychalska A., Kryszak J. and Klarzy_ska A. 124 4.1.15 Effect of cutting frequency of a meadow sward on the bulk density of a peat-muck soil Kulik M. 124 4.1.16 Protecting Aquatic Warblers (Acrocephalus paludicola) through a landscape-scale solution for the management of fen peat meadows in Poland Lachmann L., Marczakiewicz P. and Grzywaczewski G. 125 4.1.17 Practices and motivations of farmers who sign contracts to preserve grassland biodiversity Nettier B., Dobremez L., Orsini M. and Fleury P. 125 4.1.18 Phenolic compounds in sustainable grassland production: availability of nitrogen to plants Oreja A., San Emeterio L., Villanueva E., Canals R.M. 126 4.1.19 Could the grassland production costs be an argument for biodiversity? Orth D., Begon M. and Sabatier J. 126 4.1.20 Multidimensional scaling for describing the risks for grasslands ecosystems located in the Polish Landscape Parks Paderewski J. and Sienkiewicz-Paderewska D. 127 4.1.21 Changes in plant C-S-R strategy after 10 years of different management of a mountain hay meadow Pavl_ L., Pavl_ V. and Gaisler J. 127 4.1.22 Incidence of Epichloë festucae in Festuca rubra plants of natural grasslands and presence of double-stranded RNA fungal viruses Petisco C., García-Ciudad A., Vázquez-de-Aldana B.R., García-Criado B. and Zabalgogeazcoa I. 128 4.1.23 e-FLORA-sys, a website tool to evaluate the agronomical and environmental value of grasslands Plantureux S. and Amiaud B. 128 4.1.24 Effects of extensive year-round grazing on breeding bird communities in Northern Germany Ruf M., Neumann H. and Reck H. 129 4.1.25 Multiple uses of rangelands in Alborz mountain (Iran) Safaian R., Arzani H., Azarnivand H. and Safaian N. 129 4.1.26 Assessing the influence of Amorpha fruticosa L. invasive shrub species on grassland vegetation types in western Romania S_r_eanu V. 130 4.1.27 Plant communities and plant species of the permanent grasslands in ‘The Bug Ravine Landscape Park’ and the methods of their protection Sienkiewicz-Paderewska D. 130 4.1.28 Mechanical weeding of Rumex obtusifolius in grasslands Strnad L., Hejcman M., K_iš álová V. and Fri_ová K. 131 4.1.29 Effect of different management on the yields, forage quality and botanical composition of permanent grassland Štýbnarová M., Svozilová M., Hakl J., Karabcová H., Pozdíšek J. and Otrhálková, P. 131 4.1.30 Effects of mowing and grazing with Hungarian grey cattle on species composition of Pannon grasslands Szentes S., Házi J., Bartha S., Tasi J., Wichmann B. and Penksza K. 132 4.1.31 Fertilization as a factor of plant community change, higher productivity and water percolation on a mountain meadow Szewczyk W. and Kasperczyk M. 132 4.1.32 Minimum management intensity for maintaining and improving biodiversity of a mesotrophic semi-natural grassland Tonn B. and Briemle G. 133 4.1.33 Sward composition of natural grasslands in relation to the different grade of pig slurry pollution on Hungarian arid solonetz steppe Tóth C., Barna S. and Simon L. 133 4.1.34 Concepts for nutrient management in nature conservation areas on organic soils Müller J., Kayser M. and Belting H. 134 4.1.35 Do management strategies of dairy farming clash with floristic diversity of dairy production? Tichter A., Wrage N. and Isselstein J. 134 4.1.36 Relationship between a soil reaction and floristic diversity of grass communities from the Molinio-Arrhenatheretea class Warda M. and Stamirowska-Krzaczek E.A. 135 Session 4.2 Functions of biodiversity Oral presentations Paths of nitrogen transfer from Trifolium repens to non-legume plants in unfertilised pastures Auerswald K., Schäufele R. and Schnyder H. 135 Effect of mono- and mixed grazing of cattle and sheep on grassland diversity patterns Seither M., Petersen U., Wrage N. and Isselstein J. 136 Anecic earthworms and associated ecosystem services under pressure in a ley-arable crop rotation van Eekeren N., Bommelé L., Bokhorst J., Schouten A.J., Reheul D. and Brussaard L. 136 Agronomically improved grass-legume mixtures: higher dry matter yields and more persistent legume proportions Suter D., Huguenin-Elie O., Nyfeler D. and Lüscher A. 137 Grass root turn-over for improved soil hydrology to combat flooding Humphreys M.W., Turner L.B., O’Donovan S.A., Macleod C.J.A., King I.P., Whalley W.R. and Haygarth P.M. 137 Poster presentations 4.2.01 Habitat improvements with agronomic treatments for ungulates in an area of central Italy Messeri A., Ponzetta M., Cervasio F., Crocetti C., Gori L. and Argenti G. 138 4.2.02 Plant communities and soil groups in mountain pastures of the Central Pyrenees Ascaso J., Alcubilla M., Broca A. and Ferrer C. 138 4.2.03 Quality of food products from species-rich alpine pastures Bele B., Østerlie M. and Norderhaug A. 139 4.2.04 Halting the loss of biodiversity: Endemic vascular plants in grasslands of Europe Bruchmann I. and Hobohm C. 139 4.2.05 Diversity of weed spectrum in grasses grown for seed in the Czech Republic Cagaš B., Machá_ J., Frydrych J. and Machá_ R. 140 4.2.06 Multi-species mixtures - new perspectives on models and mechanisms Connolly J., Bell T., Brophy C., Carnus T., Finn J., Kirwan L., Luscher A., Sebastia M.T. and Weigelt A. 140 4.2.07 Study of the earthworm population (Lumbricus terrestris) in grassland differing in management Dauglien N., Žekonien V., Bartkevi_ius E. and Gavenauskas A. 141 4.2.08 The comparision of qualitive assessment of soil surface potential attributes in two regions of Ghareghir and Maravetappe in Golestan province Dehghani bidgoli R. 141 4.2.09 A method to assess the management of permanent grasslands at farm level Duru M., Cruz P., Martin G. and Theau J.P. 142 4.2.10 Influence of management and environmental factors on species composition and species richness in semi-arid rangeland in western Iran Faramarzi M., Kesting S., Wrage N. and Isselstein J. 142 4.2.11 Grazing exclusion effects on species composition and primary productivity in a pasture, Tenerife (Canary Islands) Fernández-Lugo S., de Nascimento L., Naranjo A., Bermejo L.A. and Arévalo J.R. … 143 4.2.12 Richness of unsown plant species in a sown ley crop Frankow-Lindberg B.E. 143 4.2.13 Carbon isotope composition (_ C) in Dactylis glomerata and its relationship with water use efficiency at plant and leaf level Gulías J., Ribas-Carbó M., Moreno M.T., Conesa M.A. and Cifre J. 144 4.2.14 Management strategies to increase botanical diversity at grassland with a history of intensive agricultural management Hald A.B. and Nielsen A.L. 144 4.2.15 How can Trifolium repens patches simultaneously expand and persist? Johansen L. 145 4.2.16 Restoration of species-rich grasslands: reduction in nutrient availability slightly improved forb species’ establishment Huguenin-Elie O., Stutz C.J., Gago R. and Lüscher A. 145 4.2.17 Differences in plant species diversity between managed and abandoned semi-natural meadows K_cki Z. 146 4.2.18 Restoration of rangelands with grass-legume mixtures Koukoura Z., Pappas I. and Kitsos M.-S. 146 4.2.19 Diversity–ecosystem function relationship in mixed forage crops Llurba R., Ribas A., Ventura D., Connolly J. and Sebastià M.T. 146 4.2.20 Plant strategies in relation to different grazing intensities Ludvíková V. and Pavl_ V. 147 4.2.21 Grass-legume mixtures can fix more N2 from the atmosphere than legume pure stands Lüscher A., Nyfeler D., Suter M., Suter D. and Huguenin-Elie O. 147 4.2.22 The effect of manipulated plant species diversity of semi-natural permanent grassland on forage production and quality Petersen U., Isselstein J. and Wrage N. 148 4.2.23 Manipulating species richness of permanent grasslands - a new approach to biodiversity experiments Petersen U., Wrage N., Köhler L., Leuschner C. and Isselstein J. 148 4.2.24 Diversity and stability in experimental grassland communities Picasso V.D., Brummer E.C. and Liebman M. 149 4.2.25 15Nitrogen uptake from shallow- versus deep-rooted plants in multi-species and monoculture grassland Pirhofer-Walzl K., Høgh-Jensen H., Rasmussen J., Rasmussen J., Søegaard K. and Eriksen J. 149 4.2.26 Use of species number, Shannon index and Sorensen index for the evaluation of biodiversity in different types of pasture Pornaro C., Munari N. and Ziliotto U. 150 4.2.27 Influence of afforestation on forage value and plant diversity in the Mediterranean Susan F., Pornaro C., Migliorini S. and Ziliotto U. 150 4.2.28 Temporal evolution of the herbaceous component inside and outside newly planted woods. II. Forage quality Pornaro C., Susan F., Migliorin S. and Ziliotto U. 151 4.2.29 Changes in biodiversity composition and soil nutrient content with management in a Pyrenean grassland community Ribas A., Llurba R., Ventura D., Hodge A. and Sebastià M.-T. 151 4.2.30 Species richness and natural amenities of selected grassland communities in Western Pomerania Rogalski M., Wieczorek A. and Szenejko M. 152 4.2.31 The influence of the land-use system upon Arnica montana L. grasslands Rotar I., Stoie A., P_curar F., Gârda N., Vidican R. and Michler B. 152 4.2.32 Effects of arbuscular mycorrhizal symbiosis on growth and N2 fixation of Trifolium alexandrinum under late drought stress conditions Saia S., Ruisi P., Amato G. and Giambalvo D. 153 4.2.33 Plant functional trait expression in the Rengen Grassland Experiment Schellberg J., Brüne K. and Hejcman M. 153 4.2.34 Long-term effects of large-scale, moderate grazing on the vegetation of a river valley Schrautzer J., Jensen K., Breuer V. and Breuer M. 154 4.2.35 Assessing the environmental qualities of permanent grassland Hasund K.P., Holgersson T., Norell B. and Ståhlberg D. 154 4.2.36 Survey of permanent grasslands in Sweden Hasund K.P., Diemer M.H., Persson K. and Ståhlberg D. 155 4.2.37 Grassland associations in Serbia on Stara Planina Mountain conditions Tomi_ Z., Bijeli_ Z., Krnjaja V. and Žujovi_ M. 155 4.2.38 Roots and earthworms under grass, clover and a grass-clover mixture van Eekeren N., Bokhorst J. and Brussaard L. 156 4.2.39 13Carbon allocated to the leaf growth zone of Poa pratensis reflects soil water and vapour pressure deficit Auerswald K., Landinger C., Wittmer M. and Schnyder H. 156 4.2.40 Influence of drought stress and fertilisation on carbon isotopes as indicators of water use of grassland differing in diversity Wrage N., Gauckler L., Steep E., Küchenmeister F., Küchenmeister K. and Isselstein J. 157 4.2.41 Grasslands in Strandja Mountain Yancheva C. and Angelova S. 157 4.2.42 Perturbed ecosystems are the most affected by goat grazing: A study of floristic composition (La Palma, Canary Island) Bermejo L., De Nascimento L., Saro I., Camacho Á. and Mata J. 158 4.2.43 Investigation of environmental factors that affect species diversity in mountainous grasslands (case study: Zagros, Iran) Fattahi B., Ildoromi A.R. and Aghabeigi Amin S. 158 4.2.44 Following plant community assembly and plant phenotypic plasticity in different grassland habitats using traditional ecological and non-invasive high resolution census methods Plückers C., Rascher U., Temperton V.M. 159 4.2.45 Does biodiversity promote stability against prolonged summer drought? Vogel A., Scherer-Lorenzen M. and Weigelt A. 159 Session 5. Pastoral/grazing systems Invited papers Environmental impacts of grazed pastures Eriksen J., Ledgard S., Luo J., Schils R. and Rasmussen J. 163 Producing milk from grazing to reconcile economic and environmental performances Peyraud J.L., Van den Pol-van Dasselaar A., Dillon P. and Delaby L. 163 Session 5.1 Pasture management and production Oral presentations Utilisation of cut and grazed fields is linked to their geographical characteristics in mountainous bovine systems Garcia-Launay F., Sibra C., Molénat H., Agabriel C. and Brunschwig G. 164 Grazing behaviour and intake of two Holstein cow types in a pasture-based production system Schori F. and Münger A. 165 Comparison of methods to quantify bite rate in calves grazing winter oats with different structures Nadin L.B., Sánchez Chopa F., Trindade J.K., Amaral G., Milano G.D., Moreno L.S. and Gonda H.L. 165 Increasing concentrate levels during the grazing season – effects on yield and behaviour of dairy cows Alvåsen K. and Spörndly E. 166 The effect of sward Lolium perenne content and defoliation method on seasonal and total dry matter production Creighton P., Kennedy E., Gilliland T., Boland T.M. and O’Donovan M. 166 The effect of organic management strategies on dairy production in clover-based grassland Keogh B., Humphreys J., Phelan P., Necpalova M., Casey I.A. and Fitzgerald E. 167 Feeding behaviour of sheep on shrubs (Cytisus scoparius L.) in response to contrasting herbaceous cover Pontes L. da S., Magda D., Agreil C. and Gleizes B. 167 Poster presentations 5.1.01 Modelling the dynamics of biomass production and herbage quality of grasslands according to functional groups composition Baumont R., Andueza D., Vuattoux J., Picard F. and Michaud A. 168 5.1.02 The quest for persistent green in outdoor chicken runs – an investigation on fourteen grassland species Breitsameter L., Wrage N. and Isselstein J. 168 5.1.03 Dietary selection of heifers in natural grasslands: effect of time of day and phenological stage Carvalho P.C.F., Bremm C., Gibb M.J., Perez N., Fonseca L. and Amaral G.A. 169 5.1.04 Intake choices of cattle and sheep grazing alone or together on grass swards differing in plant species diversity Cuchillo H.M. and Isselstein J. 169 5.1.05 Relationship between herbaceous productivity and species richness in grazed areas on La Palma (Canary Islands) de Nascimento L., Bermejo L.A., Saro I., Fernández-Lugo S. and Mata J. … 170 5.1.06 Are high genetic merit dairy cows compatible with low input grazing systems? Delaby L., Horan B., O’Donovan M., Gallard Y. and Peyraud J.L. 170 5.1.07 Daily pattern of feeding activities of dairy cows in an 8-d rotational grazing system Delagarde R., Peyraud J.L. and Wade M.H. 171 5.1.08 Tillering dynamics in Brachiaria decumbens pastures under continuous stocking Santos M.E.R., Fonseca D.M., Nascimento Júnior D., Gomide C.A.M., Gomes V.M. and Sbrissia A.F. 171 5.1.09 Selective grazing, patch stability and vegetation dynamics in a rotationally-grazed pasture Dumont B., Carrère P., Rossignol N., Chadoeuf J., Farruggia A., Ginane C. and Louault F. 172 5.1.10 Balance between production and biodiversity in two upland dairy grazing systems Farruggia A., Pomiès D., Bethier A., Troquier O., Le Bec G., Paccard P., Baumont B. and Pradel P. 172 5.1.11 Long term performance of an artificial pasture vegetation under Mediterranean conditions in Turkey Geren H., Avcioglu R., Soya H., Kir B., Demiroglu G. and Kavut Y.T. 173 5.1.12 The effect of nitrogen on yield and composition of grass clover swards at three sites in Ireland: a comparison of six commonly grown species Gilliland T.J., Farrell A.D., McGilloway D. and Grogan D. 173 5.1.13 Evaluation of leaf tensile strength of selected grass genotypes Goli_ski P., Goli_ska B. and Zaj_c M. 174 5.1.14 Performance of Lolium perenne with Trifolium repens, and spontaneous grasses with Trifolium repens, in Azores Gomes A. 174 5.1.15 Livestock production and restoration of degraded steppes in Ukraine Gosselink J.M.J., Van der Sluis T., Slim P.A., Verhagen A. and Van Keulen H. 175 5.1.16 Comparison of methods for estimating forage mass in grazing systems of the south Brazilian Pampas Grün A., Gierus M., Carvalho P.F.C., Pinto C. E. and Brambilla D. 175 5.1.17 Post-grazing height and productivity of white clover-based systems of dairy production Humphreys J., Keogh B., Phelan P. and Casey I.A. 176 5.1.18 Growth and quality of multispecies pastures harvested at a fixed sward height Johansen A. 176 5.1.19 The use of grazing in intensive dairy production and assessment of farmers’ attitude towards grazing Kristensen T., Madsen M.L. and Noe E. 177 5.1.20 Herbage productivity and quality of mountain grassland under different forage management systems Leto J., Bošnjak K., Per_ulija G., Kutnjak H. and Vrani_ M. 177 5.1.21 The effect of pasture herbage mass on dairy cow ruminal pH Lewis E., Coughlan F., O’Donovan M. and Wims C. 178 5.1.22 Patterns of sward height reduction in a tropical pasture grazed by dairy cows Mezzalira J.C., Carvalho P.C.F, Amaral M.F., Bremm C., Da Trindade J.K., Gonçalves E.N., Martins R. S. and Genro T.C.M. 178 5.1.23 Beef fattening on grazed leys: interest of tall fescue Mosimann E., Schmied R. and Thomet P. 179 5.1.24 The effects of the nitrification inhibitor dicyandiamide (DCD) on herbage production when applied at different times and rates in the autumn and spring O’Connor P.J., Hennessy D., O’Donovan M. and Lynch B. 179 5.1.25 Substitution rate and milk response to maize silage supplementation of dairy cows grazing low-mass pastures Pérez-Prieto L.A., Peyraud J.L. and Delagarde R. 180 5.1.26 Impacts of autumn cutting height and interval on annual productivity of a white clover-grass sward. Phelan P., Keogh B., Casey I.A., Fitzgerald E. and Humphreys J. 180 5.1.27 Nutritive value of meadows in the Northeast of Portugal Pires J.M., Fernández-Núñez E., Fernandes A., Pires J. Aguiar C., Galvão L. and Moreira N. 181 5.1.28 Productivity and floristic diversity of a continuous grazing system on short swards in mountainous regions of Austria Poetsch E.M., Resch R., Haeusler J. and Steinwidder A. 181 5.1.29 Voluntary intake of forages from permanent grasslands with different quality in suckler cows Pozdíšek J., Látal O. and Štýbnarová M. 182 5.1.30 Effect of two pre-grazing herbage masses and daily herbage allowances on perennial ryegrass sward characteristics Roca-Fernández A. I., O’Donovan M., Curran J. and González-Rodríguez A. 182 5.1.31 Wood-pastures of Hungary, a disappearing agrosilvopastoral system Saláta D., Penksza K., Malatinszky Á., Kenéz Á. and Szentes S. 183 5.1.32 Effect of entry time to a daily strip on daily weight gain and nitrogen balance Sánchez Chopa F., Nadin L.B., Trindade J.K., Amaral G. and Gonda H.L. 183 5.1.33 Suitability of grass species on equine pasture: water soluble carbohydrates and grass preferences by horses Särkijärvi S., Niemeläinen O., Sormunen-Cristian R. and Saastamoinen M. 184 5.1.34 Potassium effect on pasture yield and its composition in management of an old permanent pasture Sarunaite L. and Kadziuliene Z. 184 5.1.35 Morphological characteristics and tiller population density of aruana guineagrass subjected to frequencies and severities of grazing by sheep Zanini G.D., Santos G.T., Padilha D.A., Cizinande S., Silva D., Borges J.A.S., Silva M.C., Freitas R.C., Arruda J. C. A., Almeida G., Nascimento-Junior D., Da Silva S.C. and Sbrissia A.F. 185 5.1.36 Continuous grazing in comparison to cutting management on an organic meadow in the eastern Alps Starz W., Steinwidder W., Pfister R. and Rohrer H. 185 5.1.37 Changing towards a seasonal low-input pastoral dairy production system in mountainous regions of Austria – results from pilot farms during reorganisation Steinwidder A., Starz W., Podstatzky L., Kirner L., Pötsch E.M., Pfister R. and Gallnböck M. 186 5.1.38 Impact of grazing intensity on performance of sheep in the Inner Mongolian steppe, China Müller K., Lin L., Glindemann T., Wang C., Schiborra A., Schönbach P., Wan H.W., Tas B.M., Dickhöfer U., Gierus M., Taube F. and Susenbeth A. 186 5.1.39 Efficiency of Swiss and New Zealand dairy breeds under grazing conditions on Swiss dairy farms Thomet P., Piccand V., Schori F., Troxler J. Wanner M. and Kunz P. 187 5.1.40 Dry matter production of perennial ryegrass swards following poaching damage on a free-draining brown earth soil Tuñon G., O’Donovan M., Hennessy D., Kemp P., Lopez Villalobos N. and Kennedy E. 187 5.1.41 The grazing selectivity of Konik horses on grasslands located in Biebrza National Park Chodkiewicz A. and Stypi_ski P. 188 5.1.42 The impact of white clover-lucerne interactions in the swards on pasture seasonal productivity Kadžiulien Ž., Kadžiulis L. and Šar_nait L. 188 5.1.43 Establishment of a structure of cultures in Transylvanian Plain conditions to adapt forage production to drought Sima N.I., Sima R.R. and Cuna S. 189 5.1.44 Bite frequency as indicator for grass intake during grazing Oudshoorn F.W., Kristensen J.K. Jørgensen R.N. and Hansen H.H. 189 Session 5.2 Environmental benefits and risks Oral presentations The contribution of grass and clover root turnover to N leaching Rasmussen J., Helgadóttir Á., Frankow-Lindberg B., Loges R., and Eriksen J. 190 Winter grazing of grass-clover swards grown as green manure under the maritime climatic conditions of Northern Germany Loges R., Westphal D. and Taube F. 190 Nitrogen excretions in dairy cows on a rotational grazing system: effects of fertilization type, days in the paddock and time period. Dufrasne I., Robaye V., Istasse L. and Hornick J.-L. 191 Poster presentations 5.2.01 Water quality and the environmental use of livestock ponds Canals R.M., Ferrer V., San Emeterio L., Iriarte A. and Villanueva E. 191 5.2.02 Residual effects of cutting and grazing on grass-clover growth Eriksen, J., Søegaard K. and Askegaard M. 192 5.2.03 How does stocking rate influence biodiversity in a hill-range pasture continuously grazed by horses? Fleurance G., Dumont B. and Farruggia A. 192 5.2.04 Silage maize in crop rotations with different grass mixtures – N balances and N leaching Kalmlage T., Kayser M. and Isselstein J. 193 5.2.05 Soil nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium contents on a dairy cattle pasture Kryszak J. and Musia_ M. 193 5.2.06 Shortcut strategies to improve plant species richness after years of intensive management in moist grassland Nielsen A.L. and Hald A.B. 194 5.2.07 Cattle grazing on Swedish semi-natural pastures – how behaviour effects nutrient transport in the grazing area Pelve M.E., Glimskär A. and Spörndly E. 194 5.2.08 Nitrogen and potassium leaching from grassland soil depending on applied fertilizer type and rate and sward botanical composition Raave H., Kauer K., Noormets M., Selge A. and Viiralt R. 195 5.2.09 Behaviour of two cow genotypes within a low input grazing system and a high input total confinement system Roca-Fernández A. I., Ferris C. P., Vance E.R. and González-Rodríguez A. 195 5.2.10 Effect of Scottish Highland cattle grazing on plant communities with Phalaris arundinacea Rogalski M. and P_awska-Olejniczak J. 196 5.2.11 Nitrogen balances for three strains of dairy cows and contrasting intensive grassland systems Ryan W., Hennessy D., Boland T. and Shalloo L. 196 5.2.12 Flows of nitrogen and phosphorus on large dairy farms with different grazing systems – a model study Salomon E., Spörndly E., Sundberg M. and Wahlund L. 197 Index of Authors. 199 Weniger zeigen

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Erscheinungsdatum

01.08.2010

Sprache

Englisch

EAN

9783869440200

Herausgeber

Mecke-Druck

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Nein

Autor

H Schnyder

Seitenanzahl

206

Einbandart

Broschiert

Buch Untertitel

Book of Abstract

Schlagwörter

Weiden, Grünland, Wiesen, Book of Abstract, Grassland

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240 mm

Breite

17 cm

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